Other Literature
Other Literature
It can get very complicated for the developer. Here are some references on the subject ...
by Richard T. Snodgrass, Professor of Computer Science, University of Arizona
Publisher(s): Morgan Kaufmann Publishers
https://www2.cs.arizona.edu/~rts/tdbbook.pdf
This book is an attempt to recast the insights from some 1600 papers in the research literature into terms usable by those brave SQL application coders working in the trenches. These concepts are integrated with the state-of-the-art approaches utilized by forward-thinking developers, as showcased in the case studies that form the bulk of the book. The result is, to use Kuhn's phrase, a paradigm shift in how we think about time-varying data. This shift impacts how such tables are specified, how they are maintained, and how they are queried.
Our comment:-
As will be seen, the book does not present an autonomous approach for the database infrastructure addressing Time Travel in data, but is more an in depth exploration of the complexities which developers need to address when coding the time dimensions relating to data.
by Richard T. Snodgrass, Professor of Computer Science, University of Arizona
Publisher(s): Terradata
https://www2.cs.arizona.edu/people/rts/pubs/Teradatacasestudy.pdf
Richard T. Snodgrass has contributed significantly to the field of temporal databases, and one notable case study involves the use of Teradata's capabilities for handling temporal data. This study explores how Teradata's SQL features, such as support for bitemporal tables, simplify the management of time-varying data. These features allow for efficient tracking of transaction-time and valid-time data, enabling sophisticated analysis of historical changes and future projections.
by C.J. Date, Hugh Darwen, Nikos Lorentzos
Released 2003
Publisher(s): Morgan Kauffman
ISBN: 1558608559
Temporal database systems are systems that provide special support for storing, querying, and updating historical and/or future data. Current DBMSs provide essentially no temporal features at all, but this situation is likely to change soon for a variety of reasons; in fact, temporal databases are virtually certain to become important sooner rather than later, in the commercial world as well as in academia. This book provides an in-depth description of the foundations and principles on which those temporal DBMSs will be built. These foundations and principles are firmly rooted in the relational model of data; thus, they represent an evolutionary step, not a revolutionary one, and they will stand the test of time.This book is arranged in three parts and a set of appendixes:* Preliminaries: Provides a detailed review of the relational model, and an overview of the Tutorial D language.* Laying the Foundations: Explains basic temporal data problems and introduces fundamental constructs and operators for addressing those problems.* Building on the Foundations: Applies the material of the previous part to issues of temporal database design, temporal constraints, temporal query and update, and much more.* Appendixes: Include annotated references and bibliography, implementation considerations, and other topics.Key features:* Describes a truly relational approach to the temporal data problem.* Addresses implementation as well as model issues.* Covers recent research on new database design techniques, a new normal form, new relational operators, new update operators, a new approach to the problem of "granularity," support for "cyclic point types," and other matters.* Includes review questions and exercises in every chapter.* Suitable for both reference and tutorial purposes.
by C.J. Date, Hugh Darwen, Nikos Lorentzos
Released July 2014
Publisher(s): O'Reilly Media, Inc.
ISBN: 9780128006313
Time and Relational Theory provides an in-depth description of temporal database systems, which provide special facilities for storing, querying, and updating historical and future data. Traditionally, database management systems provide little or no special support for temporal data at all. This situation is changing because:
Cheap storage enables retention of large volumes of historical data in data warehouses
Users are now faced with temporal data problems, and need solutions
Temporal features have recently been incorporated into the SQL standard, and vendors have begun to add temporal support to their DBMS products
Based on the groundbreaking text Temporal Data & the Relational Model (Morgan Kaufmann, 2002) and new research led by the authors, Time and Relational Theory is the only book to offer a complete overview of the functionality of a temporal DBMS. Expert authors Nikos Lorentzos, Hugh Darwen, and Chris Date describe an approach to temporal database management that is firmly rooted in classical relational theory and will stand the test of time.
All the above books reinforce one absolute truth. The challenge for a developer having to write code to correctly reflect how business data changes over time is very difficult. The reality is that nearly all enterprises have to process events where the data has a period of effect and needs to be updated and corrected. These books provide ample proof that it will always be a challenge and the best solution is to fully insulate the developer from it.
All these books focus on the challenge of storing and populating date columns to maintain the periods of effect of the business data. The books assume that the developer needs to develop an approach for doing this effectively. What about this approach? The developer is 100% elevated above having to write code to manipulate date columns. The infrastructure does it for you and the developer simply sets time coordinates for any data insert, update, correction or deletion.